Putty

          Putty is a generic term for a plastic material similar in texture to clay or dough typically used in domestic construction and repair as a sealant or filler.Painter's Putty is typically a linseed oil based product used for filling holes, minor cracks and defacements in wood only. Putties can also be madeintumescent, in which case they are used for firestopping as well as for padding of electrical outlet boxes in fire-resistance rated drywall assemblies. In the latter case, hydrates in the putty produce an endothermic reaction to mitigate heat transfer to the unexposed side.


Thank for Info : http://en.wikipedia.org

Epoxy putty

          Epoxy putty is a room-temperature-hardening substance used as a space-filling adhesive. It is stored until use as two components of clay-like consistency. Kneading the two components into each other creates an exothermic chemical reaction that activates the substance for use by catalyzing an epoxide polymerisation reaction. Unlike many other types of glues, an epoxy adhesive can fill gaps and even be molded into a structural part. Some makers claim in advertising that one can tap and drill their cured product, and that it quickly cures "hard as steel" (as measured by Shore rating), though it is much weaker than steel in tensile strength and shear strength.


Thank for Info : http://en.wikipedia.org

Adhesive

Adhesive

          Adhesion is the tendency of dissimilar particles or surfaces to cling to one another (cohesion refers to the tendency of similar or identical particles/surfaces to cling to one another). The forces that cause adhesion and cohesion can be divided into several types. The intermolecular forces responsible for the function of various kinds of stickers and sticky tape fall into the categories of chemical adhesion, dispersive adhesion, and diffusive adhesion. In addition to the cumulative magnitudes of these intermolecular forces, there are certain emergent mechanical effects that will also be discussed at the end of the article


Thank for Info :http://en.wikipedia.org

Hot-melt adhesive

Hot melt adhesive    

    Hot melt adhesive (HMA), also known as hot glue, is a form of thermoplastic adhesive that is commonly supplied in solid cylindrical sticks of various diameters, designed to be melted in an electric hot glue gun. The gun uses a continuous-duty heating element to melt the plastic glue, which may be pushed through the gun by a mechanical trigger mechanism, or directly by the user. The glue squeezed out of the heated nozzle is initially hot enough to burn and blister skin. The glue is tacky when hot, and solidifies in a few seconds to one minute. Hot melt adhesives can also be applied by dipping or spraying. This was invented by Miles Kent in 1894.

          In industrial use, hot melt adhesives provide several advantages over solvent-based adhesives. Volatile organic compounds are reduced or eliminated, and the drying or curing step is eliminated. Hot melt adhesives have long shelf life and usually can be disposed of without special precautions. Some of the disadvantages involve thermal load of the substrate, limiting use to substrates not sensitive to higher temperatures, and loss of bond strength at higher temperatures, up to complete melting of the adhesive. This can be reduced by using a reactive adhesive that after solidifying undergoes further curing e.g. by moisture (e.g. reactive urethanes and silicones), or is cured by ultraviolet radiation. Some HMAs may not be resistant to chemical attacks and weathering. HMAs do not lose thickness during solidifying; solvent-based adhesives may lose up to 50-70% of layer thickness during drying.

Thank for Info : http://en.wikipedia.org

High Temperature Insulation Wool

In the 1950s, the term “Refractory Ceramic Fibre” was coined for the aluminium silicate fibres developed at this time. On account of their chemical purity and resistance to high temperatures (classification temperature >1000 °C) as well as on the basis of their use in other applications, this definition was made to differentiate aluminium silicate wools from the conventional “mineral wools”. Because of the ambiguity of the term “ceramic” and the development of new materials for the high temperature range, the nomenclature was changed to High Temperature Insulation Wool (HTIW) at the end of the 1990s.

Basically, there are two types of inorganic HTIW. In addition to the more commonly used amorphous HTIW (Alumino Silicate Wool ASW/RCF and Alkaline Earth Silicate Wool (AES)), Polycrystalline Wool (PCW) is also available. Owing to the costly production and limited availability compared to mineral wool, HTIW products are almost only used in industrial applications and processes up to 1800 °C.

REFRACTORY CASTABLES

REFRACTORY CASTABLES

Refractory castables can be used to create the monolithic linings within all types of furnaces and kilns. They can be further classified into the following sub-categories: conventional, low iron, low cement, and insulating for installation either by gunning or manually. There is a wide variety of raw materials that refractory castables are derived from, including chamotte, andalusite, bauxite, mullite, corundum, tabular alumina, silicon carbide, and both perlite and vermiculite can be used for insulation purposes.

CONVENTIONAL DENSE CASTABLES

Conventional dense castables are created with high alumina cement, and can withstand temperatures from 1300^oC to 1800^oC. These refractory castables are great for common furnace applications, burner blocks, speciality muffle furnaces and oiler work. Resistance is a key quality that varies with the choice of materials, resulting in abrasion, thermal shock and slag attack. Casting and gunning techniques are the method of installing the materials. For the ease of castable placement, gunning materials and water are combined together at the gunning equipment’s nozzle. This is a great method of placement for bulk materials, in cases when circumstances make formwork overly time consuming or simply impractical. In general, the method of installation will depend on cost and accessibility.

INSULATING CASTABLES

Another product that we supply is the Refractory castables that are low density. These insulating castables pose very low thermal conductivity and are utilized for either high temperature face work or when used for a backup lining, which is found behind dense castables or brick work. Here, the insulating castables are able to decrease the lining’s overall density or the cold face temperature. Their strength, which ranges from low to medium, is based on the fact that their density is low and is the main reason that they are not resistant to abrasion. They are most suitable where they do not have to stand up to much wear and tear.

LOW CEMENT CASTABLES

This type of refractory castable is prepared with a lower amount of cement than the standard dense castable is normally created with. Low cement castable refractories fluctuate in alumina content, which provides exceptional physical properties, including low porosity, great abrasion properties and high vigour. These products will commonly necessitate installation that is controlled, however, the big advantage of low cement castables is that they are easily pumped into position, and some may not require vibration, because they are free flowing.

Thank Infomation From : http://www.vitcas.com/

Refractory Castable

คอนกรีตทนไฟ (อังกฤษ: Refractory Castable) เป็นวัสดุทนไฟประเภทหนึ่ง ที่มีลักษณะและวิธีการใช้งานคล้ายกับคอนกรีตที่ใช้ในงานก่อสร้าง แต่เนื้อวัสดุที่นำมาใช้ผลิตเป็นคอนกรีตทนไฟ จะเป็น Refractory Material ซึ่งรวมถึง เม็ดวัตถุดิบหยาบ (Aggregate) และ สารประสาน (Binder) ซึ่งมักจะเป็น High Alumina Cement

[แก้]ประเภทของคอนกรีตทนไฟ

คอนกรีตทนไฟ สามารถแบ่งเป็นประเภทได้โดยเกณฑ์ที่แตกต่างกัน เช่น

1.แบ่งตามปริมาณ แคลเซียมออกไซด์ (CaO) ที่เป็นองค์ประกอบในเนื้อผลิตภัณฑ์ ได้ดังนี้

1.Conventional Castable เป็นคอนกรีตทนไฟ ที่มีปริมาณองค์ประกอบ CaO อยู่ในปริมาณสูง กว่า 2%

2. Low Cement Castable เป็นคอนกรีตทนไฟ ที่มีปริมาณองค์ประกอบ CaO อยู่ในกระมาณต่ำกว่า 2%

3. Cementless Castable เป็นคอนกรีตทนไฟ ที่มีปริมาณองค์ประกอบ CaO ต่ำกว่า 0.2%

แบ่งตามลักษณะในการติดตั้ง

1. Vibrating Castable คอนกรีตทนไฟ ที่ติดตั้ง โดยการหล่อแบบ โดยใช้การเขย่าช่วย

2. Self flow Casatble คอนกรีตทนไฟ ที่ติดตั้ง โดยการหล่อแบบ โดยใช้การ

3. Gunning Material คอนกรีตทนไฟ ที่ติดตั้ง โดยการใช้เครื่องยิง

1. Wet Gunning Material คอนกรีตทนไฟ ที่ติดตั้งโดยใช้เครื่องยิง โดยต้องทำการผสมกับน้ำให้เข้ากันก่อนนำไปติดตั้งโดยใช้เครื่องยิง

2. Dry Gunning Material คอนกรีตทนไฟ ที่ติดตั้งโดยใช้เครื่องยิง โดยไม่ต้องผสมกับน้ำก่อนนำไปใช้งาน

ผลิตภัณฑ์จะมีลักษณะเป็นผงแห้ง จะถูกบรรจุเข้าในเครื่องยิง แล้วจะถูกอัดด้วยแรงดันลม ไปตามท่อยาง จนถึงหัวยิง (Nozzle)โดยจะมีจุดเชื่อมต่อกับท่อน้ำที่ปลายท่อยิง ผลิตภัณฑ์จะผสมกับน้ำที่ ปลายท่อยิง ก่อนจะถูกยิงออกไป